Application of Nanotechnology in Drug and Gene Delivery

Abstract

Despite recent advances in clinical research, the major problem faced by clinics is the lack of effective therapeutic approaches to treat 
various diseases. Most of the current therapeutic agents are waternsoluble leading to poor bioavailability, the least effect at the disease site, and severe therapy-associated side effects. Scientists from diverse parts of the globe are working hard in day and night to resolve these issues and improve the therapeutic benefits of the treatment. Recent years have witnessed unexpected growth in research in the area of nanotechnology [1]. The application of nanotechnology in drug and gene delivery has become attractive over the past few decades in health care and other fields [2]. There is increasing confidence that nanotechnology applied to medicine will significantly advance cancer diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. The growing interest in nanotechnology’s future medical applications leads to the emergence of a new field called nanomedicine, aiming to maximize the therapeutic index, vastly expand the human lifespan, and minimize undesirable side effects [3]. However, to realize that potential, it needs to overcome several major hurdles, including improving circulation stability and disease site targeting efficacy.